Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence and fill in the appropriate answer above.
1-
As Russel Kay tells it, once ......... a time, software development consisted of a programmer writing code to solve a problem or automate a procedure.
A -
after
B -
at
C -
in
D -
upon
2-
Nowadays, systems are so big and complex that teams of architects, analysts, programmers, testers and users must work together to create the millions of lines of .........-written code that drive our enterprises.
A -
custom
B -
hand
C -
machine
D -
self
3-
The system development life cycle models work well when automating the activities of clerks and accountants, but they don't work nearly as well when building systems for ......... workers — people at help desks, experts trying to solve problems, or executives trying to lead their company into the Fortune 100.
A -
knowledge
B -
sessile
C -
think-tank
D -
white-colar
4-
The waterfall model assumes that the only role for users is in specifying requirements, and that all requirements can be specified in advance; unfortunately, requirements grow and change throughout the process and beyond, calling for considerable feedback and ......... consultation.
A -
indicative
B -
insistent
C -
iterative
D -
itinerant
5-
The fountain model recognizes that although some activities can't start before others — such as you need a design before you can start coding — there's a considerable ......... of activities throughout the development cycle.
A -
overflow
B -
overlap
C -
undertow
D -
underuse
6-
The spiral model emphasizes the need to go back and ......... earlier stages a number of times as the project progresses; it's actually a series of short waterfall cycles, each producing an early prototype representing a part of the entire project.
A -
recalibrate
B -
regurgitate
C -
reinstate
D -
reiterate
7-
In the rapid application development model, initial emphasis is on creating a ......... that looks and acts like the desired product in order to test its usefulness.
A -
genotype
B -
holotype
C -
phenotype
D -
prototype
8-
The ......... model divides the product into builds, where sections of the project are created and tested separately.
A -
fractile
B -
fractional
C -
incidental
D -
incremental
9-
This approach will likely find errors in user requirements quickly, since user feedback is ......... for each stage and because code is tested sooner after it's written.
A -
extracted
B -
insisted
C -
queried
D -
solicited
10-
The synchronize and stabilize method combines the advantages of the spiral model with technology for overseeing and managing source code; this method allows many teams to work efficiently in .........; this approach was defined by David Yoffie of Harvard University and Michael Cusumano of MIT.